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![]() The thickness of the extraocular muscles can also be used 1. The lower limit of normal distance from this line to the posterior surface of the globe is 5.9 mm, below which indicates proptosis 2 ![]() The upper limit of normal distance from this line to the anterior surface of the globe is 23 mm, above which indicates proptosis 4 The reference line for measurement of proptosis is the interzygomatic line (a line is drawn at the anterior portions of the zygomatic bones): The patient must have their eyes open and be looking forward with no eye movement The plane of the study must be parallel to the head of the optic nerve and the lens orbital venous malformation)įibro-osseous lesions: e.g fibrous dysplasiaĪssessment of proptosis on cross-sectional imaging is difficult and dependant on the study being acquired in the correct plane: Meningioma, e.g. sphenoid wing meningiomaĬavernous hemangioma (a.k.a. Orbital inflammatory syndrome (also known as orbital pseudotumor) Thyroid orbitopathy (the most common cause of uni/bilateral proptosis in adults) The causes of proptosis are broad and include a wide range of mass lesions that originate within the cranium, sinuses, paranasal spaces, and orbit 3: Proptosis can also be used for other viscera (although rarely seen in contemporaneous usage), but exophthalmos is only for the eyes.Įnophthalmos is the antonym, referring to displacement of the globe posteriorly. Proptosis and exophthalmos are often used interchangeablyĮxophthalmos used to refer to severe (>18 mm) proptosis 5Įxophthalmos used to refer to endocrine-related proptosis 6 Several authors use the terms differently, which can be confusing: Exophthalmos (rare plural: exophthalmoses) also describes forward protrusion of the globe.
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